Pasos clave para estudiantes internacionales a su llegada a España

Key Steps for International Students Upon Arrival in Spain

Starting your academic journey in Spain as an international student is an exciting adventure—but navigating the initial bureaucratic steps can be overwhelming. Whether you’re coming from the EU or a non-EU country, understanding the main administrative requirements is essential to ensure a smooth start to your student life. Here are the requirements international students must take upon arriving in Spain.


1. NIE or TIE: Your Foreigner Identification Number


  • NIE (Número de Identidad de Extranjero) is the foreign ID number assigned to all non-Spanish residents. EU citizens only need this number to carry out legal, financial, and administrative activities. This is a white paper, give the chance to acquire obligation, this number DON´T give you the resident status.
  • TIE (Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero) is the physical residency card required for non-EU citizens who stay more than 6 months in Spain. It includes your NIE, photo, and biometric data. This card you can request just if before you have a positive resolution of a visa or residence permission, this card give to you the resident of spain status.


Important: Non-EU students must apply for their TIE within 30 days of entering Spain.


2. CUE (Certificado de Registro de la Unión Europea)


For EU/EEA/Swiss citizens, registering in the Central Registry of Foreigners (CUE) is essential if your stay exceeds 3 months. You’ll be issued a green certificate, which includes your NIE and confirms your legal status in Spain.


3. Social Security Number (Número de Seguridad Social)


If you plan to work part-time or do an internship as an international student in Spain, you’ll need a Social Security Number. This number is essential for registering with an employer and accessing benefits like public healthcare coverage during your employment.


4. Public Healthcare Access (Tarjeta Sanitaria)


Spain offers quality public healthcare, but you’ll need to register in your local public health system. Once registered, you'll receive a health card (Tarjeta Sanitaria), allowing access to medical services.


  • EU students: Bring your European Health Insurance Card (EHIC).
  • Non-EU students: Make sure you have valid private health insurance. For longer stays, some regions allow registration into public health once you’re registered in the municipal census.


5. Padrón (Municipal Registration)


All students, regardless of nationality, must register at their local town hall (ayuntamiento) to prove their place of residence. This is required for many procedures, including healthcare access and TIE renewal.


You need to prove that you live at the address where you want to register. Accepted documents usually include one of the following (originals and sometimes a copy might be requested):


  • Rental Agreement ("Contrato de Arrendamiento"): A valid rental contract for the property. Make sure it's signed by both the landlord and the tenant.
  • Title Deeds ("Escritura de Propiedad"): If you own the property, you'll need to present the title deeds.
  • Recent Utility Bill ("Factura de Suministro"): A recent bill (electricity, water, gas, internet) in your name showing the address. It should generally be no older than 3 months.
  • Authorization from someone already "empadronado": If you are living with someone who is already registered at the address, they might need to accompany you and provide their ID and a document proving their registration (like their own "Volante de Empadronamiento"). They will need to sign a form authorizing your registration at their address.


6. Opening a Bank Account


You’ll likely need a Spanish bank account to pay rent, receive scholarships, or manage day-to-day expenses. Most banks offer student accounts with minimal fees. Bring your passport, NIE/TIE or proof of application, and proof of address.


7. Future Planning: Visa Renewal and Work Options



  • Visa Renewal: Students must apply for a visa renewal or extension at least 60 days before their current visa expires. Renewals usually require proof of continued studies, academic progress, financial means, and health insurance.
  • Work Opportunities: Students on a visa can legally work up to 30 hours/week if the work is compatible with their studies and reported to immigration authorities. After completing your degree, you may be eligible for:
  • Post-study stay authorization (for job seeking)
  • Internship residence permit
  • Work permit modifications for employment or entrepreneurship


8. Digital Certificate


A digital certificate (certificado digital) allows you to carry out most public administrative tasks online, such as tax declarations, Social Security processes, and visa renewals. It’s highly recommended for long-term students.


Need Help Navigating the Process?


If you're feeling overwhelmed, Entre Trámites is here to help. We specialize in guiding international students through the necessary paperwork. Book a free consultation here with our team and enjoy personalized support in English and Spanish.